The Mecca Agreement: Rise of a Post-American Security Order
The Mecca Agreement could mark the beginning of the biggest shift in Middle Eastern security since the Gulf War, with Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan laying the foundations of a regional order no longer built around American military guarantees.
Europe faces growing pressure to build an autonomous defense capability, learning from Ukraine’s battlefield innovations and Türkiye’s defense-industrial model as U.S. security guarantees and strategic priorities increasingly diverge from Europe’s own.
The war launched against Iran by the United States–Israel duo has entered its first week. Despite overwhelming firepower, Iran expanded the conflict and destroyed seven U.S. radar bases. Markets remain moderate but Gulf oil and LNG production is disrupted, raising economic risks.
