The Han Kuang exercises, held since 1984, have been extended to 10 days for the first time. According to Taiwan’s National Defense and Security Research Institute, this year’s drills aim to simulate realistic wartime scenarios, including Chinese missile attacks, drone warfare, and urban combat. Civilian infrastructure will be tested as local governments rehearse air-raid responses, logistics management, and essential service continuity.

“This year’s planning better reflects what Taiwan could face in a real attack,” said defense expert Chieh Chung. He noted that basements of supermarket chains are being repurposed as shelters and that preliminary drone tactics and countermeasures are being field-tested for the first time during the exercise.

Lai Responds to Chinese Pressure With Civil Defense Push

Since assuming office, President Lai Ching-te has escalated Taiwan’s defensive posture. He convened a civil defense committee in September 2024 and has toured the island urging unity in the face of Chinese threats. Beijing has condemned Lai’s remarks as “separatist,” while also stepping up its own military drills and air incursions.

In May, China deployed warships and aircraft near Taiwan daily. The People’s Liberation Army sent its largest wave of warplanes since October, shortly after U.S. lawmakers met publicly with Taiwan’s defense minister. These incidents form the backdrop to Taiwan’s intensified training.

The latest drills also incorporate U.S.-supplied systems like the HIMARS rocket launchers, reflecting closer military ties with Washington. Defense officials say urban warfare is now a priority as Taiwan grows less confident in stopping Chinese advances at sea or in the air.