The CIR study, titled “How We Found an RSF Military Camp in the Libyan Desert,” identified large convoys of Toyota Land Cruisers, armed and unregistered, stationed at the Libyan site and later spotted in el-Fasher and Zamzam in North Darfur. These vehicles matched in type, configuration, and identifiers, including spray-painted numbers. Video footage revealed RSF shoulder patches and camouflage, confirming their affiliation.

Critically, the investigation associates this camp with General Hamdane al-Kajli, a senior RSF figure and chief of security for Abdul Rahim Hamdan Dagalo. Al-Kajli was later wounded near el-Fasher and evacuated to a Turkish-run hospital in Nyala, further linking him to the RSF’s Darfur operations. Some RSF security officials reportedly died in the same incident, their deaths publicly confirmed by comrades and family notices.

Zamzam camp, once a refuge for civilians, has become a RSF-controlled base, with Colombian mercenaries and other foreign fighters stationed there, according to CIR’s findings. The camp now serves as a launch point for ongoing assaults on el-Fasher, which has been under RSF siege for over a year.

Arms Flows Through Libya Undermine UN Embargo

CIR’s report reinforces previous UN accusations that arms and fighters continue to flow into Sudan via Libya, violating the international arms embargo. The study outlines a route stretching from Abu Dhabi to Darfur, transiting through Libya and Chad. It also identifies Libyan-made night blankets and logistical items in the RSF’s possession.

In June, RSF forces secured the tri-border area where Libya, Egypt, and Sudan meet, a position they now use to freely transfer supplies and equipment. Marshal Khalifa Haftar, who controls eastern and southern Libya and is closely allied with the UAE, is indirectly implicated in facilitating this corridor, though Abu Dhabi officially denies involvement.

The CIR’s revelations have sparked renewed calls to halt external support to RSF factions and highlight the regional dimensions of Sudan’s war. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has repeatedly urged states to cease arms flows, warning that the conflict’s brutality is amplified by foreign backing and unchecked smuggling networks.