Central African Republic Frees Aid Worker Accused of Spying

The release of detained aid worker Joseph Figueira Martin marks a rare resolution in a case tied to national security allegations in the Central African Republic, where authorities have increased scrutiny of foreign NGOs.

Figueira Martin, a dual Belgian-Portuguese citizen and consultant with FHI 360, was arrested in May 2024 in Zemio, a southeastern town affected by over a decade of conflict involving armed groups.

Authorities accused him of spying, communicating with armed factions, and plotting a coup. He was held in a military prison for nearly 2 years, during which he launched a hunger strike to protest detention conditions.

His family confirmed his release on Tuesday, stating he was expected to arrive in Lisbon within hours. The government has not publicly confirmed the release or clarified the legal status of the case.

Belgian Foreign Minister Maxime Prévot expressed relief over the humanitarian evacuation of Joseph Martin, highlighting close cooperation with Central African authorities and coordinated diplomatic efforts with Portugal and the EU.

He also praised Belgian diplomats and the honorary consul in Bangui for their sustained support throughout Martin’s detention.

The case unfolded over approximately 23 months. Zemio has long been a flashpoint, with clashes between ethnic militias and anti-government forces continuing for more than 10 years.

Following his arrest, authorities warned foreign aid workers against engaging in activities that could “jeopardize national security,” signaling a tightening regulatory environment for NGOs, though arrests of foreign humanitarian staff remain rare in the country.

The Central African Republic has been in conflict since 2013, rocked by coups & fighting between rebel factions before a 2019 peace agreement reduced hostilities. But 6 of the 14 armed groups later withdrew, leaving a fragmented security landscape.

The Russian Wagner Group has played a key role in supporting President Faustin-Archange Touadera, in power since 2016, helping government forces counter rebel groups.