Myanmar’s military government announced on Thursday that it had ended the nationwide state of emergency in place since its 2021 coup, fulfilling a constitutional prerequisite to hold elections. While the junta claims this opens a new political chapter, critics view the move as a strategic maneuver lacking democratic legitimacy.

End of Emergency Rule

The lifting of the state of emergency was confirmed following a meeting of the National Defense and Security Council. It marks the first such shift since the junta seized power in February 2021, toppling Aung San Suu Kyi’s civilian government.

Under Myanmar’s 2008 Constitution, elections cannot be held while emergency laws are in force. The military had pledged to end the emergency by July 31 and hold elections in December 2025.

“If at the start of this second chapter we write it well, beautifully, and sincerely with our own hands and carry it out successfully, I believe we will overcome even more challenges,” Min Aung Hlaing declared during a ceremony in Naypyidaw.

Power Consolidation Continues

In tandem with ending emergency rule, Min Aung Hlaing announced the creation of a new 30-member Union Government. He appointed Nyo Saw, a long-time aide, as prime minister, solidifying his control ahead of the proposed elections.

Earlier this week, the junta enacted new legislation to “protect” the electoral process, introducing harsh penalties—including the death sentence—for those found guilty of “sabotage.”

Skepticism Over Elections

Western nations, including the United States, have rejected the legitimacy of any election orchestrated by the junta, citing the ongoing civil conflict and repression of opposition voices.

Min Aung Hlaing continues to justify the coup by alleging that the 2020 election, won by Suu Kyi’s party, was rigged. He recently drew parallels with Donald Trump’s baseless claims of election fraud in the U.S., sending a letter to Trump suggesting both leaders had been wronged by corrupt voting systems.

Beyond politics, Myanmar remains mired in armed conflict and economic instability. The junta also faces growing international scrutiny over so-called “scam compounds” tied to cybercrime and human trafficking. In May, the U.S. sanctioned a junta-linked militia for its role in industrial-scale online fraud targeting Americans.

As Myanmar’s generals signal a “return to order,” critics argue that the façade of electoral reform cannot mask the ongoing repression and resistance across the country.