Madagascar’s youth returned to the streets after President Andry Rajoelina dissolved his government, insisting the move fell short of demands for reliable water and electricity. Police used tear gas to disperse crowds as casualty counts mounted and rallies radiated beyond the capital.

Government Response and Pledges

Rajoelina said on state TV he wanted “room for dialogue” with young people demanding water access and an end to blackouts, while promising support for businesses hit by looting. Organisers rejected the speech as insufficient and demanded apologies from the president and the dismissed prime minister, as well as the removal of the capital’s administrator.

Casualties, Curfews and Crackdown

At least 22 people have been killed and more than 100 wounded since last week, according to the UN, figures the foreign ministry calls unverified. Authorities have shifted to a “restoration of public order” posture as police deploy tear gas and impose curfews across major cities including Antananarivo.

Movement’s Demands and Messaging

Placards read “We need water, we need electricity, Rajoelina out,” while students decried being dismissed as a “TikTok generation.” Rajoelina’s own appeal—“When the Malagasy people suffer, I… feel that pain too”—did little to stem anger on the streets.

Political Backdrop and Regional Echoes

The four-day mobilisation, inspired by youth-led actions in Kenya and Nepal, is the biggest in years and the most serious challenge to Rajoelina since his 2023 re-election. Demonstrators have adopted protest symbols used in Nepal and organised via social media tactics reminiscent of Kenya’s movement.

Where Protests Are Spreading

Rallies were recorded in Antananarivo and Fenoarivo, with further gatherings in Mahajanga and Diego Suarez. The latest marches underscore how discontent over basic services has widened geographically despite the government reshuffle.