Russia sharply criticized the UN Security Council’s decision to restore sanctions on Iran under the 2015 nuclear deal framework, warning the step could trigger “irreparable consequences.” The vote, driven by Britain, France, and Germany, activated the “snapback” mechanism under Resolution 2231, a move Tehran denounced as illegal while Moscow and Beijing urged diplomacy over coercion.

Russia’s Objections and Warnings

The Russian foreign ministry accused European powers of pursuing “provocative and illegal actions” that undermine international diplomacy. Moscow argued that reinstating sanctions has “nothing to do with diplomacy and only leads to further escalation.” Officials stressed that punitive measures risk fueling confrontation rather than resolving disputes over Iran’s nuclear program.

Why Europe Triggered the Snapback

The United Kingdom, France, and Germany maintain that Iran violated its obligations by restricting access to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspectors. Citing unresolved questions about uranium enrichment, they argued that sanctions relief could no longer be justified. European diplomats insist that holding Iran accountable is necessary to preserve the credibility of non-proliferation agreements.

Iran’s Response and Regional Risks

Iran has rejected the decision as unlawful, saying its nuclear program remains peaceful. Lawmakers in Tehran have warned of retaliatory steps, including reconsidering cooperation with the IAEA or even withdrawing from the Non-Proliferation Treaty. Iranian officials argue that sanctions will worsen economic hardship and erode trust in international agreements.

China’s Position and Wider Global Implications

China joined Russia in opposing the move, claiming the snapback undermines multilateralism and risks collapsing any chance of renewed negotiations. The divergence between Western powers and Moscow-Beijing highlights deepening geopolitical fractures at the UN. Analysts warn the decision could complicate future arms-control frameworks and deepen divisions within the Security Council.